What foods should be avoided in patients with hyperuricemia (elevated uric acid levels)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 26, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

To manage high uric acid levels, it is essential to avoid purine-rich foods, limit alcohol consumption, and reduce intake of sugary foods and beverages, as these can increase uric acid production and decrease excretion. The most recent and highest quality study, 1, conditionally recommends limiting alcohol intake, purine intake, and high-fructose corn syrup intake for patients with gout.

Key Foods to Avoid:

  • Purine-rich foods: organ meats (liver, kidneys), seafood (especially anchovies, sardines, mussels, scallops, and tuna), red meat, and game meats
  • Sugary foods and beverages: those containing high-fructose corn syrup
  • Refined carbohydrates: white bread and pasta
  • Alcohol: particularly beer, as it increases uric acid production and decreases excretion

Recommended Foods:

  • Low-fat dairy products
  • Whole grains
  • Fruits (except for high-fructose ones like apples and pears)
  • Vegetables (excluding asparagus, spinach, and mushrooms which are higher in purines)
  • Plenty of water to stay well-hydrated and help kidneys flush out excess uric acid

These dietary changes can help reduce the overall uric acid burden and complement any medication prescribed by a doctor, such as allopurinol or febuxostat, which work to lower uric acid production 1.

From the Research

Foods to Avoid with High Uric Acid

When managing high uric acid levels, it's essential to be mindful of dietary choices. While the provided studies do not directly address specific foods to avoid, they do discuss the importance of urate-lowering therapy and the management of gout, a condition often associated with high uric acid levels 2, 3, 4, 5.

Dietary Considerations

  • Foods high in purines, such as organ meats and certain seafood, can increase uric acid production in the body.
  • Consuming high amounts of sugar, particularly fructose, can also raise uric acid levels.
  • Alcohol, especially beer and liquor, can increase uric acid production and reduce uric acid excretion.
  • Foods high in fat, especially saturated fats, can worsen inflammation associated with gout.

Managing Uric Acid Levels

  • Urate-lowering therapies, such as allopurinol and febuxostat, are commonly used to manage high uric acid levels and prevent gout attacks 2, 3, 4, 5.
  • Lifestyle modifications, including dietary changes and weight management, can also help reduce uric acid levels and alleviate gout symptoms.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

An update on the pharmacotherapy of gout.

Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2025

Research

Advances in pharmacotherapy for the treatment of gout.

Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2015

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.