From the Guidelines
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) may temporarily lower testosterone levels in men, although the effect is typically modest and reversible upon cessation. The relationship between THC and testosterone is complex, influenced by factors including frequency of use, THC concentration, individual metabolism, and overall health status 1. Regular cannabis use can inhibit the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, which regulates testosterone production, leading to a dose-dependent suppression of testosterone levels.
Key Points to Consider
- The impact of THC on testosterone levels appears to be reversible, with levels normalizing after cessation of use 1.
- Heavier, more frequent use of cannabis may cause greater suppression of testosterone levels.
- Men with pre-existing low testosterone or those using cannabis very heavily might experience symptoms like reduced libido, fatigue, or mood changes.
- Reducing cannabis consumption or taking breaks from use can allow testosterone levels to normalize.
- Blood tests can monitor testosterone levels if there are concerns, and those using prescribed testosterone therapy should discuss cannabis use with their healthcare provider to ensure optimal hormone management.
Clinical Implications
The potential effects of THC on testosterone levels should be considered in clinical practice, particularly for men with pre-existing low testosterone or those using cannabis heavily. Monitoring testosterone levels and adjusting cannabis use or testosterone therapy as needed can help mitigate any potential negative effects. However, the current evidence does not support a strong recommendation for or against the use of THC in relation to testosterone levels, and individual patient factors should be taken into account when making clinical decisions 1.
From the Research
THC and Testosterone: An Overview
- The relationship between THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and testosterone is complex, with several studies investigating the effects of cannabinoids on the endocrine system 2, 3, 4.
- Cannabinoids, including THC, interact with the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, which are localized in various organs, including the endocrine glands 3.
- The endocannabinoid system plays a role in regulating various physiological processes, including food intake, energy homeostasis, and endocrine function 3, 4.
Effects of THC on Testosterone
- Studies have shown that THC can affect testosterone levels, with some reports suggesting a decrease in testosterone levels after cannabis use 4.
- The exact mechanisms by which THC affects testosterone are not fully understood, but it is thought to involve the interaction between the endocannabinoid system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis 2, 4.
- Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is a common treatment for hypogonadism, but the effects of THC on TRT are not well studied 5, 6.
Clinical Implications
- The use of cannabis and cannabinoids, including THC, may have implications for endocrine function, particularly in individuals with hypogonadism or other endocrine disorders 3, 4.
- Further studies are needed to fully understand the effects of THC on testosterone and the endocrine system, as well as the potential interactions between THC and TRT 5, 6.
- Healthcare providers should be aware of the potential effects of THC on endocrine function and monitor patients accordingly 6.