Differential Diagnosis for Fall on Face with Swelling and Abrasion on Nose
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Nasal Fracture: This is the most likely diagnosis given the mechanism of injury (fall on face) and the presence of swelling and abrasion on the nose. A nasal fracture can cause swelling, bruising, and abrasions, and is a common injury from facial trauma.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Nasal Septal Hematoma: This is a possible diagnosis as it can occur after a nasal injury, causing swelling and pain. A septal hematoma can lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.
- Soft Tissue Injury: This includes lacerations, contusions, and abrasions, which are common after a fall on the face. These injuries can be painful and may require wound care.
- Epistaxis (Nosebleed): Trauma to the nose can cause bleeding, which may be controlled with first aid measures or may require medical attention.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Basilar Skull Fracture: Although less common, a basilar skull fracture is a serious condition that can occur after a fall on the face. It may present with symptoms such as CSF leak, facial paralysis, or cranial nerve deficits.
- Cerebral Concussion or Traumatic Brain Injury: A fall on the face can also result in a head injury, including a concussion or more severe traumatic brain injury. These conditions require prompt recognition and management.
- Orbital Fracture: An orbital fracture can occur if the fall causes significant trauma to the eye socket. This may lead to symptoms such as diplopia, enophthalmos, or infraorbital nerve anesthesia.
Rare Diagnoses
- Le Fort Fracture: This is a type of facial fracture that involves the maxillary bone and can occur after severe facial trauma. It is less common but can have significant implications for treatment and recovery.
- Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Leak: A CSF leak can occur after a basilar skull fracture, leading to symptoms such as clear nasal discharge or ear drainage. This is a rare but serious complication of facial trauma.