From the Guidelines
Ancylostoma duodenale infection should be treated with a single dose of albendazole (400 mg) as the first-line treatment, given its higher cure rate compared to mebendazole, as per the most recent guidelines 1. The treatment approach for Ancylostoma duodenale infection is primarily focused on eliminating the parasite and managing the resulting anemia.
- The preferred treatment option is albendazole due to its higher efficacy.
- Iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate is necessary to address the anemia caused by chronic blood loss.
- Prevention strategies are crucial in endemic areas, including wearing shoes, proper sanitation, and avoiding contact with contaminated soil. The symptoms of Ancylostoma duodenale infection can include abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and iron-deficiency anemia, as outlined in the uk guidelines for the investigation and management of eosinophilia in returning travellers and migrants 1.
- Heavy infections can lead to significant morbidity, particularly in vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant women.
- The parasite is commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions with poor sanitation, highlighting the need for preventive measures in these areas. In terms of management, it is essential to consider the potential for reinfection, especially in areas with high transmission rates, and to repeat treatment as necessary 1.
- The guidelines emphasize the importance of addressing the underlying cause of eosinophilia, in this case, Ancylostoma duodenale infection, to effectively manage the condition and prevent long-term complications.
From the FDA Drug Label
Mebendazole tablets are indicated for the treatment of ... Ancylostoma duodenale (common hookworm) ... Efficacy rates derived from various studies are shown in the table below: ... Hookworm Cure rates mean 96% Egg reduction mean — 99% Mebendazole is indicated for the treatment of Ancylostoma duodenale (common hookworm) with a cure rate of 96% and an egg reduction rate of 99% 2.
From the Research
Ancylostoma duodenale Overview
- Ancylostoma duodenale is a type of hookworm that infects humans, causing significant morbidity and mortality 3.
- It is one of the leading causes of iron-deficiency anemia, especially in children, resulting from intestinal capillary blood loss following the feeding activities of fourth-stage (L(4)) larva and adult worms 3.
Treatment Options
- Albendazole and mebendazole are commonly used drugs for the treatment of Ancylostoma duodenale infections 4, 5, 6, 7.
- Albendazole has shown a high rate of efficacy (75%) compared to mebendazole (71%) in treating Ancylostoma duodenale infections 4.
- Levamisole has also been found to be effective in treating Ancylostoma duodenale infections, with a cure rate of 100% in one study 5.
Diagnosis and Prevention
- Diagnosis of Ancylostoma duodenale infections can be made by finding eggs in the feces 7.
- Preventive measures include wearing shoes, treating sewage, and proper handwashing 7.
- Iron supplementation and blood transfusion may also be necessary in cases of severe anemia caused by Ancylostoma duodenale infections 7.