Differential Diagnosis of Feet Swelling in a Healthy 20-Year-Old
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Dependent Edema: This is the most common cause of foot swelling in a healthy individual, often due to prolonged standing, sitting, or walking. Gravity causes fluid to accumulate in the feet and ankles, leading to swelling.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Injury or Trauma: Recent injury to the foot or ankle can cause swelling due to inflammation and fluid accumulation.
- Infection: Cellulitis or other skin infections can cause swelling, redness, and warmth in the affected area.
- Allergic Reaction: An allergic reaction to an insect bite, sting, or contact with an allergen can cause localized swelling.
- Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations during menstruation or pregnancy can lead to fluid retention and swelling in the feet.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Although less common in young, healthy individuals, DVT can cause swelling, pain, and warmth in the affected leg. If missed, it can lead to life-threatening pulmonary embolism.
- Compartment Syndrome: A condition where increased pressure within a muscle compartment can cause swelling, pain, and numbness. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent damage.
- Nephrotic Syndrome: A kidney disorder that can cause severe swelling, including in the feet, due to excessive protein loss in the urine.
Rare Diagnoses
- Lymphedema: A chronic condition characterized by abnormal lymphatic drainage, leading to persistent swelling in the affected limb.
- Sarcoidosis: A systemic disease that can cause swelling and inflammation in various parts of the body, including the feet.
- Thyroid Disorders: Certain thyroid conditions, such as hypothyroidism, can cause swelling in the feet and ankles due to fluid retention.
- Malignancy: Although extremely rare, certain types of cancer, such as lymphoma or leukemia, can cause swelling in the feet and ankles.