What is the normal range for a fasting blood glucose (FBG) test with a bid (twice daily) regimen?

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From the Guidelines

The FAST HUG BID mnemonic is a valuable tool for critical care providers to ensure comprehensive patient care, with the normal ranges for each component as follows:

  • F (Feeding) - 25-30 kcal/kg/day with protein 1.2-2.0 g/kg/day
  • A (Analgesia) - pain score <4/10 on numeric scale
  • S (Sedation) - RASS score 0 to -2 for mechanically ventilated patients
  • T (Thromboprophylaxis) - prophylactic heparin 5000 units SC q8-12h or enoxaparin 40mg SC daily
  • H (Head of bed elevation) - 30-45 degrees
  • U (Ulcer prophylaxis) - pantoprazole 40mg IV/PO daily or famotidine 20mg IV/PO twice daily
  • G (Glycemic control) - blood glucose 140-180 mg/dL, based on the most recent guidelines 1
  • B (Bowel regimen) - stool every 1-3 days
  • I (Indwelling catheters) - daily assessment for necessity
  • D (De-escalation of antibiotics) - narrow spectrum based on culture results within 48-72 hours The glycemic control target is based on the 2018 standards of medical care in diabetes, which recommends a blood glucose target of 140-180 mg/dL for critically ill patients 1.

The provided evidence from 1, 1, 1, and 1 supports the diagnosis of diabetes, but the most recent and relevant guideline for glycemic control in critically ill patients is from 1.

Here is a chart summarizing the FAST HUG BID components:

Component Normal Range
F (Feeding) 25-30 kcal/kg/day with protein 1.2-2.0 g/kg/day
A (Analgesia) pain score <4/10 on numeric scale
S (Sedation) RASS score 0 to -2 for mechanically ventilated patients
T (Thromboprophylaxis) prophylactic heparin 5000 units SC q8-12h or enoxaparin 40mg SC daily
H (Head of bed elevation) 30-45 degrees
U (Ulcer prophylaxis) pantoprazole 40mg IV/PO daily or famotidine 20mg IV/PO twice daily
G (Glycemic control) blood glucose 140-180 mg/dL
B (Bowel regimen) stool every 1-3 days
I (Indwelling catheters) daily assessment for necessity
D (De-escalation of antibiotics) narrow spectrum based on culture results within 48-72 hours

From the Research

Fast Heart Rate (Tachycardia) and Beta-Blockers

  • Beta-blockers are a class of medications that can help slow the heart rate and reduce blood pressure 2
  • They are commonly used to treat conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation 3, 4
  • The normal heart rate range for adults is between 60-100 beats per minute (bpm)

Normal Range for Heart Rate

  • The normal range for heart rate can vary depending on factors such as age, fitness level, and medical conditions 2
  • For adults, a normal heart rate is typically considered to be between 60-100 bpm
  • Beta-blockers can help slow the heart rate and bring it within a normal range for individuals with tachycardia or other heart-related conditions 5, 4

Beta-Blockers and Heart Rate

  • Beta-blockers work by blocking the effects of the hormone epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, which can increase heart rate and blood pressure 2
  • By blocking the effects of epinephrine, beta-blockers can help slow the heart rate and reduce blood pressure 3
  • Different beta-blockers may have varying effects on heart rate and blood pressure, and some may be more suitable for certain individuals or conditions than others 5, 4

Chart of Fast Heart Rate and Beta-Blockers

Condition Normal Heart Rate Range Beta-Blocker Effects
Tachycardia 60-100 bpm Slows heart rate, reduces blood pressure
Hypertension 60-100 bpm Lowers blood pressure, reduces risk of cardiovascular events
Heart Failure 60-100 bpm Improves mortality and morbidity outcomes, slows heart rate
Atrial Fibrillation 60-100 bpm Reduces risk of stroke, slows heart rate

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Beta-blockers for hypertension.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2017

Research

Valsartan versus lisinopril or extended-release metoprolol in preventing cardiovascular and renal events in patients with hypertension.

American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 2007

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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