From the Research
MUM1 (Multiple Myeloma Oncogene 1) is typically negative in Burkitt lymphoma, which helps distinguish it from other aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Burkitt lymphoma characteristically shows a specific immunophenotype including CD20+, CD10+, BCL6+, BCL2-, and MUM1-. The absence of MUM1 expression in Burkitt lymphoma reflects its germinal center B-cell origin, as MUM1 is typically expressed in post-germinal center B-cells. This negative MUM1 status, combined with other markers, is valuable in differential diagnosis, particularly when distinguishing Burkitt lymphoma from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) which often expresses MUM1. However, it's essential to consider the prognostic impact of MUM1 expression in Burkitt lymphoma, as studies have shown that MUM1-positive Burkitt lymphoma may have a worse prognosis, particularly in adult cases 1. The study by 1 found that MUM1-positive Burkitt lymphoma showed a trend toward lower overall survival and worse prognosis in adult cases. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and distinction between MUM1-positive and MUM1-negative Burkitt lymphoma are crucial for appropriate treatment planning and prognosis. Cytogenetic or molecular genetic studies demonstrating MYC rearrangements (typically t(8;14) translocation) are essential for confirmation of Burkitt lymphoma diagnosis, in addition to immunohistochemistry 2, 3. In terms of treatment, intensive chemotherapy regimens, such as the Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster protocol with rituximab, have shown high efficacy in treating Burkitt lymphoma 4. However, the treatment approach may need to be tailored based on the presence or absence of MUM1 expression and other prognostic factors. Overall, a comprehensive diagnostic approach, including immunophenotyping, cytogenetic analysis, and molecular studies, is necessary for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning of Burkitt lymphoma.