What is the best management for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)?

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Last updated: May 27, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Research

The best advice for hand, foot, and mouth disease is to focus on symptom management while the virus runs its course, typically 7-10 days, with an emphasis on hydration, pain relief, and good hygiene practices, as recommended by the most recent study 1. When managing hand, foot, and mouth disease, it is essential to prioritize symptom relief and prevention of complications.

  • Take over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) according to package directions to reduce fever and discomfort.
  • Stay hydrated by sipping cold fluids frequently, and choose soft, bland foods that won't irritate mouth sores, such as yogurt, applesauce, or ice cream.
  • Saltwater rinses (1/2 teaspoon salt in 1 cup warm water) can soothe mouth sores, while calamine lotion can relieve skin rash discomfort.
  • Rest is essential for recovery. Since hand, foot, and mouth disease is highly contagious, practice good hygiene by:
  • Washing hands frequently
  • Avoiding close contact with others
  • Disinfecting commonly touched surfaces The illness is caused by enteroviruses, most commonly coxsackievirus A16, which spread through respiratory droplets, fecal matter, and contact with contaminated surfaces, as noted in 2 and 3. While uncomfortable, the condition is generally mild and resolves without specific antiviral treatment, with complications being rare, although severe cases can occur, particularly with enterovirus A71, as highlighted in 1 and 4.

References

Research

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Narrative Review.

Recent advances in inflammation & allergy drug discovery, 2022

Research

Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease: Rapid Evidence Review.

American family physician, 2019

Research

Hand, foot and mouth disease: current knowledge on clinical manifestations, epidemiology, aetiology and prevention.

European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2018

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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