From the Research
Vaping is generally considered less harmful than cigarette smoking, though it is not safe. Traditional cigarettes contain thousands of chemicals, including dozens of known carcinogens, and the combustion process creates tar and carbon monoxide that damage the lungs and cardiovascular system. Vaping devices heat liquid containing nicotine, flavorings, and other chemicals without combustion, eliminating many of the harmful byproducts found in cigarette smoke.
Key Points to Consider
- Studies suggest vaping may be less harmful than smoking cigarettes, but the long-term effects of vaping remain unclear 1.
- Vaping still poses significant health risks including potential lung damage, cardiovascular effects, and addiction from nicotine.
- Vaping liquids contain chemicals like propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, and various flavorings whose long-term effects remain unclear.
- Some vaping devices have caused serious lung injuries (EVALI) linked to vitamin E acetate and other additives.
- Neither smoking nor vaping is recommended, especially for non-smokers, but for current smokers, switching to vaping may reduce harm while working toward complete nicotine cessation 2, 1.
Evidence-Based Recommendation
Current smokers who are unable to quit should consider switching to vaping as a harm reduction strategy, while also working towards complete nicotine cessation. However, it is essential to weigh the potential benefits against the risks and to closely monitor for any adverse effects. It is also crucial to note that vaping is not without risk, and the long-term effects of vaping are still being studied 1.
Important Considerations
- The most recent and highest quality study on this topic is from 2022, which highlights the importance of considering the potential risks and benefits of vaping as a harm reduction strategy 1.
- Other studies have also investigated the safety of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies, including varenicline and bupropion, and found that they do not appear to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular or neuropsychiatric hospitalizations 3.
- However, the evidence is not yet conclusive, and more studies are needed to fully understand the effects of vaping on respiratory health and other outcomes 2.