From the Research
Yes, hyperpigmentation can occur after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). This skin discoloration typically appears along the incision sites, particularly the chest (sternal) incision and the leg or arm sites where veins were harvested for grafting. The hyperpigmentation usually develops during the healing process and may persist for months to years after surgery. It results from increased melanin production triggered by the inflammatory response to surgical trauma. Additionally, some patients may experience hyperpigmentation from adhesive tapes used during surgery or from post-operative medications.
Causes and Prevention
The discoloration is generally harmless and often fades gradually over time, though it may not disappear completely. Patients with darker skin tones may be more susceptible to this post-surgical hyperpigmentation. To minimize its appearance, patients should:
- Follow wound care instructions carefully
- Protect healing incisions from sun exposure
- Consider using silicone-based scar treatments once the incision has fully healed
Treatment Options
If hyperpigmentation causes significant cosmetic concerns, dermatological treatments like:
- Topical retinoids
- Hydroquinone
- Laser therapy might be considered after complete surgical recovery, as supported by recent studies 1. The use of topical treatments such as retinoids, hydroxy acids, and broad-spectrum sunscreen has been recommended for the treatment of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) 2.
Considerations
It's essential to note that while these treatments are available, the evidence for their efficacy in the context of post-CABG hyperpigmentation may vary. However, given the potential impact on quality of life, dermatological consultation for personalized treatment plans is recommended 3.