What are the androgen-dependent (androgen-sensitive) hair growth regions in the body?

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Androgen-zavisna područja rasta dlake

Androgen-zavisna područja rasta dlake kod ljudi uključuju lice (brada), aksile (pazušne jame), pubičnu regiju, grudni koš, ekstremitete (ruke i noge), kao i frontalnu i temenu regiju skalpa kod genetski predisponiranih osoba. 1

Primarna androgen-zavisna područja

Rast seksualne dlake je potpuno zavisan od prisustva androgena 1. Androgeni transformišu male vellus folikule u terminalne folikule koji proizvode duge, debele i pigmentirane dlake u specifičnim područjima tela:

Područja stimulacije rasta:

  • Lice (brada) - najjače androgen-zavisno područje 2, 3, 4
  • Aksile - pazušne jame 2
  • Pubična regija - donji pubični trougao može razviti luksuznu dlaku čak i u odsustvu 5α-reduktaze 5
  • Grudni koš, trup i ekstremiteti 5
  • Skrotum 4
  • Bočne strane lica (zaliske) - često zanemareno u standardnim skorovima 1
  • Glutealna regija (zadnjica) - takođe androgen-zavisna ali često izostavljena iz standardnih procena 1

Područja inhibicije (paradoksalni efekat):

  • Frontalna i temena regija skalpa - kod genetski predisponiranih osoba androgeni uzrokuju miniaturizaciju folikula i ćelavost 6, 2

Mehanizam androgene zavisnosti

Androgeni deluju na folikule dlake primarno preko dermalnih papila ćelija koje sadrže androgene receptore 2, 3, 4. Ključne karakteristike:

  • Beard (brada) dermalne papile sadrže više androgenih receptora nego ćelije iz ne-ćelavih područja skalpa 4
  • Konverzija testosterona u 5α-dihidrotestosteron (DHT) putem 5α-reduktaze je kritična za većinu androgen-zavisnih područja 1, 5
  • Donji pubični trougao predstavlja izuzetak - razvija se luksuzno čak i bez 5α-reduktaze 5

Klinički značaj

Ferriman-Gallwey skor procenjuje hirsutizam u 9 telesnih područja, ali ima ograničenja jer ne uzima u obzir zaliske i glutealnu regiju 1. Skor ≥8 definiše hirsutizam, pri čemu manje od 5% belih ili crnih žena reproduktivnog doba ima skor >7 1.

Važna napomena:

Različita područja tela pokazuju različitu osetljivost na androgene čak i kod iste osobe, što objašnjava zašto neko može imati gustu bradu ali ćelavu glavu - ovo zavisi od lokalne ekspresije androgenih receptora i aktivnosti 5α-reduktaze u specifičnim folikulima 2, 3, 6.

References

2
Research

Role of androgen in mesenchymal epithelial interactions in human hair follicle.

The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings, 2005

3
Research

Androgen action in cultured dermal papilla cells from human hair follicles.

Skin pharmacology : the official journal of the Skin Pharmacology Society, 1994

5
Research

Hair follicles and associated glands as androgen targets.

Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism, 1986

6
Research

Androgenetic alopecia.

Nature reviews. Disease primers, 2025

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