Is phosphatidic acid effective for muscle growth?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: June 14, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

Phosphatidic acid is not a recommended supplement for muscle growth due to limited and mixed evidence, and its potential benefits are likely to be small and require consistent resistance training and adequate protein intake to be effective. The current evidence on phosphatidic acid and muscle growth is limited, and most studies focus on protein intake and its effects on muscle mass. According to a recent study 1, protein quality and intake are crucial for muscle growth, and animal-based proteins are generally considered high-quality proteins due to their better essential amino acid profile and higher digestibility.

Some key points to consider:

  • Protein intake around the international recommendation (0·8 g/kg/d) may be sub-optimal for maintaining muscle mass throughout adult life 1.
  • Higher protein intake (>0·83 g/kg/d) may be beneficial for muscle mass preservation, but the evidence is limited and mixed 1.
  • Leucine, a essential amino acid, may improve muscle mass in sarcopenic, elderly persons, and has potential ICU relevance 1.
  • Other nutrients like β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) and creatine may also stimulate muscle protein synthesis and inhibit muscle protein breakdown, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness in ICU settings 1.

In terms of phosphatidic acid, a typical dose ranges from 250-750mg taken about 30-60 minutes before resistance training, and it should be consumed on an empty stomach for best results. However, individual responses vary, and phosphatidic acid has not been extensively studied for long-term safety and efficacy. As with any supplement, it should be viewed as a potential complement to, not a replacement for, proper training and nutrition.

From the Research

Effectiveness of Phosphatidic Acid for Muscle Growth

  • The effectiveness of phosphatidic acid (PA) for muscle growth is a topic of ongoing research, with some studies suggesting potential benefits and others finding no significant effects 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • A 2019 review of supplements for muscle mass and strength found that PA had mixed or unclear evidence for its effectiveness, with an evidence level of B 2.
  • A 2022 scoping review of the effects of PA on performance and body composition found that the evidence did not support the use of PA to increase performance or improve body composition in young or elderly men 3.
  • However, some studies have suggested that PA may have anabolic effects on skeletal muscle, potentially by activating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and promoting muscle protein synthesis 4, 5.

Studies on Phosphatidic Acid Supplementation

  • A 2016 study found that supplementation with PA, in combination with other ingredients, increased lean body mass and strength in resistance-trained men 5.
  • However, a 2017 study found that PA supplementation had no differential effect on changes in muscle thickness or 1RM strength compared to a placebo in resistance-trained men 6.
  • Another study found that PA supplementation did not have a significant effect on lean body mass, fat mass, or thigh muscle mass, but did increase strength in some exercises 5.

Mechanisms of Phosphatidic Acid

  • PA is thought to act as a lipid messenger that can increase muscle protein synthesis via stimulation of the mTOR pathway 4.
  • The mechanisms by which PA exerts its effects on muscle growth and strength are not fully understood and require further research 4, 5.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Supplements with purported effects on muscle mass and strength.

European journal of nutrition, 2019

Research

The mechanistic and ergogenic effects of phosphatidic acid in skeletal muscle.

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme, 2015

Research

Effects of phosphatidic acid supplementation on muscle thickness and strength in resistance-trained men.

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme, 2017

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.