From the Research
The most effective treatment for bed bug infestations involves a comprehensive approach combining physical removal, chemical treatments, and preventive measures, as recommended by the most recent study 1.
Treatment Approach
The treatment should start with thoroughly cleaning all infested areas by vacuuming, washing bedding and clothing in hot water (at least 120°F), and using a dryer on high heat for at least 30 minutes.
- For chemical treatment, EPA-registered insecticides containing pyrethrins, pyrethroids, or desiccants like diatomaceous earth can be applied to cracks, crevices, and furniture joints.
- Patients should be educated that complete eradication typically requires multiple treatments over 2-3 weeks, as eggs may survive initial applications.
Patient Education
Patients should be informed about the following:
- How to identify bed bug bites and infestations
- The importance of keeping affected areas clean and free of clutter
- How to use monitoring devices and nonchemical treatments
- The need for professional pest control services in severe infestations
- How to prevent re-infestation when traveling, such as inspecting hotel rooms and keeping luggage elevated
Skin Reactions
For skin reactions to bites, topical corticosteroids like hydrocortisone 1% cream applied twice daily for 3-5 days can reduce itching, while oral antihistamines such as diphenhydramine 25-50mg every 4-6 hours may help with more severe reactions 1. Patients should avoid scratching bites to prevent secondary infections.
Professional Pest Control
Professional pest control services are often necessary for severe infestations, as they can provide the necessary expertise and equipment to effectively eliminate the bed bugs 1.
Preventive Measures
Preventive measures, such as using bed bug-proof mattress encasements and actively monitoring for signs of infestation, can help prevent re-infestation 1.