Hyperhidrosis: This is a common condition characterized by excessive sweating, often localized to specific areas such as the palms, soles, or axillae. It can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to other conditions. The high prevalence and direct relation to the symptom of increased sweating make it the most likely diagnosis.

Anxiety Disorders: Conditions like generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, or social anxiety disorder can cause increased sweating due to the body's stress response. The psychological component and the commonality of these disorders make them likely considerations.
Hypothyroidism: Although less common than hyperhidrosis, hypothyroidism can cause increased sweating among other symptoms like weight gain and fatigue. It's a relatively common endocrine disorder that should be considered.
Menopause: Hot flashes during menopause can lead to increased sweating. Given the significant portion of the population that experiences menopause, this is a likely diagnosis in the appropriate demographic.

Pheochromocytoma: A rare tumor of the adrenal gland that can cause episodic sweating, hypertension, and tachycardia. Although rare, missing this diagnosis could be fatal due to the potential for severe hypertension and cardiac complications.
Hyperthyroidism: An overactive thyroid gland can lead to increased sweating, among other symptoms like weight loss and palpitations. The potential for serious complications if left untreated makes it crucial not to miss.
Infections: Certain infections, especially those causing sepsis, can present with increased sweating. The severity and potential for rapid deterioration make recognizing and treating infections promptly critical.

Neurological Disorders: Conditions like multiple system atrophy or autonomic dysfunction can lead to abnormal sweating patterns. These are less common and often present with other neurological symptoms.
Lymphoma: Some types of lymphoma can cause night sweats, a specific type of increased sweating. While lymphoma is a serious condition, it is less commonly associated with sweating as a primary symptom.
Tuberculosis: Night sweats can also be a symptom of tuberculosis, especially in its active form. Although not as common in some regions due to public health efforts, it remains a consideration, particularly in high-risk populations.

Medical History: Detailed questioning about the onset, duration, and pattern of sweating, as well as any associated symptoms.
Physical Examination: To identify any signs of underlying conditions such as thyroid abnormalities or neurological deficits.
Laboratory Tests: Thyroid function tests (TFTs), complete blood count (CBC), blood chemistry, and urinalysis to rule out common causes.
Imaging Studies: May be necessary for diagnosing conditions like pheochromocytoma or lymphoma.
Sweat Tests: Specific tests like the Minor's starch-iodine test for hyperhidrosis.

Hyperhidrosis: Topical treatments, iontophoresis, botulinum toxin injections, or in severe cases, surgery.
Anxiety Disorders: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), medication (e.g., SSRIs).
Hypothyroidism: Thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
Menopause: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), non-hormonal medications for symptom management.
Pheochromocytoma: Surgical removal of the tumor, preoperative blood pressure control.
Hyperthyroidism: Medications to reduce thyroid hormone production, radioactive iodine ablation, or surgery.
Infections: Appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
Neurological Disorders: Treatment depends on the specific condition but may include medications for symptom management.
Lymphoma: Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of treatments.
Tuberculosis: Antitubercular therapy.