From the Guidelines
Tennis elbow can occur in individuals who don't play tennis due to repetitive arm and wrist movements that strain the forearm muscles and tendons, such as typing, using tools, or cooking. These activities can lead to small tears in the tendons that attach to the bony bump on the outside of the elbow (lateral epicondyle), resulting in inflammation and pain 1. Some common causes of tennis elbow in non-tennis players include:
- Repetitive wrist extension, which can occur in occupations requiring repetitive wrist flexion and extension
- Gripping or wrist extension activities, such as using tools or cooking
- Activities that require repetitive hand motions, which can put individuals at higher risk of developing lateral epicondylitis According to a study published in the American Family Physician journal in 2005 1, lateral epicondylosis is seven to 10 times more common than medial epicondylosis and affects men and women equally, with most cases occurring after 40 years of age. Treatment for tennis elbow typically includes rest, ice, and over-the-counter pain relievers, as well as avoiding activities that worsen symptoms. Additionally, a counterforce brace worn just below the elbow can help reduce strain during necessary activities, and gentle stretching and strengthening exercises for the forearm muscles can aid recovery once acute pain subsides. If symptoms persist beyond 2-3 weeks despite these measures, it is recommended to consult a healthcare provider as physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, or other interventions may be necessary.
From the Research
Causes of Tennis Elbow in Non-Tennis Players
Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, can occur in individuals who do not play tennis. The condition is thought to be caused by:
- Overuse of the extensor muscles of the forearm 2
- Occupational stress rather than racket sports 3
- Repetitive actions with the wrist and elbow extended 3
- Lesion at the origin of the common wrist extensor mechanism, at or very near the lateral epicondyle of the humerus 3
Risk Factors
Certain activities can increase the risk of developing tennis elbow, including:
- Playing racket sports, which increases the risk by a factor of 2.8 4
- Activities that involve repetitive use of the wrist and elbow, such as:
- Using a computer mouse or keyboard
- Lifting heavy objects
- Repetitive gripping or twisting motions
- Poor posture or inadequate warm-up and stretching exercises
Prevention and Treatment
Prevention and treatment of tennis elbow in non-tennis players can include:
- Patient education on proper lifting and bending techniques
- Use of a tennis-elbow band or orthotic device to reduce strain on the elbow
- Physical therapy to strengthen the forearm and elbow muscles
- Avoiding repetitive activities or taking regular breaks to rest the elbow
- Topical NSAIDs, steroid injections, ultrasound, and acupuncture may be helpful in the acute phase 2