What are the treatment options for indigestion in patients taking terzepatide (glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon receptor agonist)?

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Last updated: June 26, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Patients taking terzepatide for indigestion relief should prioritize lifestyle modifications and consider over-the-counter antacids or H2 blockers for symptom management, as these approaches can help mitigate the delayed gastric emptying associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists. When managing indigestion in patients on terzepatide, it's crucial to consider the drug's mechanism of action, which slows gastric emptying, a common cause of digestive symptoms 1.

Non-Pharmacological Approaches

  • Eating smaller, more frequent meals to reduce symptoms of indigestion
  • Avoiding trigger foods that are fatty, spicy, or acidic
  • Not lying down after eating to prevent reflux
  • Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce pressure on the stomach
  • Timing meals at least 2-3 hours before bedtime to allow for proper digestion

Pharmacological Options

  • Over-the-counter antacids like Tums or Rolaids for quick relief of occasional symptoms
  • H2 blockers such as famotidine (Pepcid) 20mg once or twice daily for persistent symptoms
  • Proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole (Prilosec) 20mg daily for more severe cases
  • Prokinetic agents like metoclopramide 5-10mg before meals to help with delayed gastric emptying, used cautiously due to potential side effects 1

It's essential to note that the side effects of terzepatide, including delayed gastric emptying, often improve within 4-8 weeks as the body adjusts to the treatment 1. If symptoms are severe or persistent, discussing adjustments to the terzepatide dose or schedule with a healthcare provider may be necessary, as slower dose escalation can improve tolerability while maintaining therapeutic benefits 1.

From the FDA Drug Label

The FDA drug label does not answer the question.

From the Research

Treatment Options for Indigestion in Patients Taking Terzepatide

  • The studies provided do not directly address the treatment options for indigestion in patients taking terzepatide 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • However, it is known that terzepatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon receptor agonist, can cause gastrointestinal-related adverse events, including nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting 3, 4.
  • For patients experiencing indigestion, the American Journal of Gastroenterology guidelines suggest that patients with dyspepsia should undergo testing for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) or an empiric trial of acid suppression with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) 6.
  • If initial acid suppression fails, it is reasonable to consider changing drug class or dosing, or applying the test-and-treat strategy before consideration of referral for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) 6.
  • In patients who do respond to initial therapy, stopping treatment after 4-8 weeks is recommended, and if symptoms recur, another course of the same treatment is justified 6.

Gastrointestinal-Related Adverse Events with Terzepatide

  • The most common adverse events with terzepatide are gastrointestinal-related, including nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting, and are mostly mild to moderate in severity 3, 4.
  • These adverse events occur primarily during dose escalation and may lead to treatment discontinuation in some cases 3, 4.

Management of Dyspepsia

  • The management of dyspepsia is challenging, especially when initial antisecretory therapy and H. pylori eradication fail 6.
  • There are limited data to support the use of low-dose tricyclic antidepressants or psychological treatments in functional dyspepsia 6.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Oesophageal acid-peptic strictures in the histamine H2 receptor antagonist and proton pump inhibitor era.

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver, 2003

Research

Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity.

The New England journal of medicine, 2022

Research

Guidelines for the management of dyspepsia.

The American journal of gastroenterology, 2005

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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