From the Guidelines
The recommended screening protocol for Hypertension in adults is to screen all adults aged 18 years or older.
Screening Protocol
- The USPSTF recommends screening for high blood pressure in adults aged 18 years or older 1.
- The screening should be done with properly measured office blood pressure and, if blood pressure is elevated, confirming the diagnosis of hypertension with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) or home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) 1.
- Annual screening is recommended for adults aged 40 years or older and for those who are at increased risk for high blood pressure, including those who have high-normal blood pressure, are overweight or obese, or are African Americans 1.
- Adults aged 18 to 39 years with normal blood pressure (<130/85 mm Hg) who do not have other risk factors should be rescreened every 3 to 5 years 1.
Diagnostic Confirmation
- The USPSTF recommends obtaining measurements outside of the clinical setting for diagnostic confirmation before starting treatment 1.
- ABPM or HBPM can be used for diagnostic confirmation, as they provide a more accurate diagnosis of hypertension than office blood pressure measurement alone 1.
From the Research
Recommended Screening Protocol for Hypertension in Adults
The recommended screening protocol for hypertension in adults is as follows:
- The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for hypertension in adults 18 years or older with office blood pressure measurement 2.
- The USPSTF also recommends obtaining blood pressure measurements outside of the clinical setting for diagnostic confirmation before starting treatment 2.
- Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring is the preferred method for confirmatory blood pressure measurement, but home BP monitoring is an acceptable alternative 3, 4.
Key Considerations
- Hypertension affects a significant portion of the adult population, with approximately 45% of the adult US population affected 2.
- Screening for hypertension is crucial, as it can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease events, including heart failure, stroke, and myocardial infarction 2, 3, 4.
- The accuracy of office blood pressure measurement for initial screening and the accuracy of various confirmatory blood pressure measurement methods are important considerations in the screening protocol 2.
Guidelines and Recommendations
- Current guidelines recommend screening all adults for hypertension, with ambulatory BP monitoring or home BP monitoring used to confirm the diagnosis of hypertension before starting antihypertensive drugs 3, 4.
- The American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association recommend a BP level goal of less than 130/80 mm Hg for adults with confirmed hypertension and without additional markers of increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk 3.
- The USPSTF concludes with high certainty that screening for hypertension in adults has substantial net benefit, and recommends screening for hypertension in adults 18 years or older with office blood pressure measurement 2.