From the Guidelines
Abdominal wall stoma is a relative contraindication to peritoneal dialysis (PD) 1.
Key Considerations
- The decision to use PD in patients with a colostomy or ileostomy must be individualized, as successful application of PD has been described in such patients 1.
- Fresh intra-abdominal foreign bodies, such as a newly implanted abdominal prosthesis, require sufficient time for healing to avoid leakage or possible dialysis-related peritonitis 1.
- Peritoneal leaks can be a complication of PD, and abdominal wall stoma may increase the risk of leakage into the subcutaneous tissues, pleural space, or genitalia 1.
- The presence of an abdominal wall stoma does not necessarily preclude the use of PD, but it may require special consideration and careful management to minimize the risk of complications 1.
Important Factors
- The type and location of the stoma, as well as the overall health and medical condition of the patient, should be taken into account when deciding whether to use PD 1.
- The risk of infection and peritonitis may be increased in patients with an abdominal wall stoma, and careful monitoring and management are necessary to minimize this risk 1.
- The use of PD in patients with an abdominal wall stoma may require close collaboration between the patient, healthcare providers, and other support staff to ensure safe and effective management 1.
From the Research
Abdominal Wall Stoma and Peritoneal Dialysis
- The presence of an abdominal wall stoma is considered a relative contraindication to peritoneal dialysis (PD) 2, 3
- Studies have shown that PD can be safely performed in patients with abdominal wall stoma, with the use of techniques such as laparoscopic-assisted PD catheter placement with chest wall exit site 2
- The risk of peritonitis, exit-site infection, and catheter failure is increased in patients with abdominal wall stoma, but this can be mitigated with proper surgical technique and patient management 2, 4
- Other studies have identified relative contraindications to PD, including previous history of abdominal surgery, but note that these can be overcome with proper patient selection and management 5, 3
- Absolute contraindications to PD, such as recent abdominal or cardiothoracic surgery, diaphragmatic peritoneal-pleural connections, and faecal or fungal peritonitis, do not typically include abdominal wall stoma 5
Surgical Techniques and Patient Management
- Laparoscopic-assisted PD catheter placement with chest wall exit site has been shown to be a safe and effective technique for patients with abdominal wall stoma 2
- Simultaneous repair of abdominal wall defects and PD catheter placement has also been shown to be a reliable and safe surgical procedure 4
- Proper patient management, including antibiotic prophylaxis and careful monitoring for complications, is essential for successful PD in patients with abdominal wall stoma 6, 4
Clinical Outcomes and Efficacy
- Studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of PD in patients with abdominal wall stoma, with low rates of complications and good clinical outcomes 2, 6, 4
- PD has been shown to be an effective treatment option for patients with acute renal failure, including those with abdominal wall stoma 5, 6