Single most likely diagnosis:
- Onychomycosis (fungal infection of the nail) - This is a common condition in children that can cause toenails to fall off due to fungal infection.
Other Likely diagnoses:
- Trauma - Repeated trauma to the toenails, such as from sports or tight shoes, can cause the nails to fall off.
- Psoriasis - A skin condition that can cause nail changes, including thickening, pitting, and nail loss.
- Eczema (atopic dermatitis) - Can cause nail changes and nail loss, especially if the eczema is severe.
- Nutritional deficiencies (e.g., iron, zinc, biotin) - Deficiencies in certain nutrients can affect nail health and lead to nail loss.
Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.):
- Autoimmune disorders (e.g., alopecia areata, lupus) - Although less common, these conditions can cause nail loss and have significant systemic implications if left untreated.
- Thyroid disorders - Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can cause nail changes, including nail loss.
- Diabetes - Can cause nail changes and nail loss due to nerve damage and poor circulation.
Rare diagnoses:
- Lichen planus - A rare skin condition that can cause nail changes and nail loss.
- Nail patella syndrome - A rare genetic disorder that affects the development of nails and other parts of the body.
- Epidermolysis bullosa - A rare genetic disorder that causes blistering of the skin and can lead to nail loss.