Asthma: This is the most common chronic respiratory condition in children, characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. The symptoms presented are classic for asthma, especially given the duration and the age of the patient.

Viral Respiratory Infection: Many viruses can cause respiratory infections that lead to cough and wheezing in children. Given the age of the patient and the duration of symptoms, a viral etiology is plausible, especially if the symptoms have been persistent but not severe.
Allergic Rhinitis: This condition can cause chronic cough and wheezing, especially if the child has allergies that trigger these symptoms. The presence of other allergic symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, or itchy eyes would support this diagnosis.
Reactive Airway Disease: This is a condition where the airways are sensitive and react to various stimuli, leading to cough and wheezing. It's often considered in the differential for asthma but may not meet the full criteria for asthma.

Foreign Body Aspiration: Although less likely given the duration of symptoms, foreign body aspiration can cause sudden onset of cough and wheezing and is a medical emergency. It's crucial to consider this, especially if there was a witnessed event or if the child has a history of putting objects in their mouth.
Pneumonia: Bacterial pneumonia can present with cough and wheezing, along with fever, and is a critical diagnosis not to miss due to the potential for severe complications if not treated promptly.
Congenital Heart Disease: Certain congenital heart defects can lead to respiratory symptoms due to pulmonary congestion. Although less common, this is a critical diagnosis to consider, especially if there are other signs such as failure to thrive or significant respiratory distress.

Cystic Fibrosis: A genetic disorder that leads to the production of thick, sticky mucus affecting the lungs and digestive system. It's a rare condition but should be considered in children with persistent respiratory symptoms, especially if there's a family history.
Immunodeficiency: Certain immunodeficiencies can predispose children to recurrent or persistent infections, leading to chronic respiratory symptoms. This would be considered if the child has a history of recurrent infections or other signs of immunodeficiency.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans: A rare condition characterized by fixed airway obstruction following a severe respiratory infection. It's an important consideration in children with persistent wheezing and cough that does not respond to typical treatments.