What is Yohimbine (Hydrochloride)?

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Last updated: February 9, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Yohimbine (Hydrochloride) is an alpha-2 adrenergic blocker that has been associated with both hypotension and hypertension.

Key Points

  • It is a substance that may cause elevated blood pressure, and its use is generally advised against, especially in patients with uncontrolled hypertension 1.
  • Yohimbine is often found in herbal supplements, and its interaction with other substances like MAO inhibitors can be particularly concerning 1.
  • The management strategy for patients using yohimbine typically involves avoiding its use or holding it for a certain period, such as 2 weeks, before surgery or in cases of uncontrolled hypertension 1.
  • It's worth noting that yohimbine's effects on blood pressure can vary highly between individuals, making careful consideration and monitoring necessary 1.

Clinical Considerations

  • In the context of perioperative management, holding yohimbine 2 weeks before surgery is recommended due to its potential to cause hypotension or hypertension 1.
  • For patients with hypertension, avoiding yohimbine or limiting its use is advised, given its potential to exacerbate high blood pressure 1.

From the FDA Drug Label

Yohimbine HCl Yohimbine (Hydrochloride) is Yohimbine HCl.

  • It is the hydrochloride form of yohimbine. 2

From the Research

Definition and Properties of Yohimbine

  • Yohimbine is a natural compound derived from the Pausinystalia yohimbe tree, with a rich history of use in traditional medicine 3.
  • It is an indole alkaloid that primarily acts as an antagonist of α2-adrenergic receptors 3, 4.
  • Yohimbine has been investigated for its potential therapeutic applications, including the treatment of erectile dysfunction, metabolic disorders, and as a stimulant and aphrodisiac 3, 5, 4.

Pharmacological Applications

  • Yohimbine has been shown to have a positive effect on sexual performance in animal studies, and meta-analyses of human studies have consistently shown an advantage of yohimbine over placebo in the treatment of erectile dysfunction 5.
  • It selectively blocks the pre and postsynaptic α2-adrenergic receptors and has a moderate affinity for α1 and α2 subtypes, and also binds to other behaviorally relevant monoaminergic receptors 4.
  • Yohimbine has been used to treat erectile dysfunction, with a response rate of 34% in a double-blind study, and has been shown to be active in some patients with arterial insufficiency and low serum testosterone levels 6.

Safety and Toxicity

  • Yohimbine can cause toxicological concerns, particularly at higher doses, including agitation, anxiety, hypertension, and tachycardia 7.
  • The potential for dose-dependent toxicity should be recognized, and yohimbine should be used with caution, especially in excess doses 7.
  • In a double-blind study, only few and benign side effects were recorded, making yohimbine a worth-trying medication, often as a first line of treatment 6.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Multifaced Nature of Yohimbine-A Promising Therapeutic Potential or a Risk?

International journal of molecular sciences, 2024

Research

Yohimbine in erectile dysfunction: the facts.

International journal of impotence research, 2000

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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