What is the term used to describe the pushing of liquid into the body over a long period of time?

The Term for Pushing Liquid into the Body Over a Long Period of Time

The correct term for pushing liquid into the body over a long period of time is "infusion" (option c).

Definition and Clinical Context

Infusion refers to the controlled administration of fluids, medications, or nutrients into a patient's bloodstream or other tissue spaces over an extended period. This process typically involves:

• Delivery of substances through intravenous (IV), intraosseous, subcutaneous, or epidural routes
• Use of specialized equipment such as infusion pumps to control rate and volume
• Administration that occurs over hours, days, or even longer periods

Equipment Used for Infusion

Infusion Pumps

Infusion pumps are medical devices specifically designed to deliver fluids in controlled amounts 1. These devices are essential for:

• Ensuring accurate delivery rates
• Preventing rapid administration or "free flow" that could cause harm
• Monitoring the volume delivered throughout the infusion process

There are two main types of infusion pumps:

• Stationary pumps: Used primarily in hospital settings
• Portable pumps: Allow for patient mobility and improved quality of life 2

Delivery Systems

Proper infusion requires:

• Central venous access devices (CVADs) or peripheral intravenous catheters
• Administration sets with integral mesh filters (170-200 μm)
• Large-gauge venous access cannulas for rapid infusion when needed 1

Clinical Applications of Infusion

Infusion is used in various clinical scenarios:

1. Fluid Resuscitation: In septic shock, fluid boluses of 20 mL/kg can be administered via pressure bag, with patients commonly requiring 40-60 mL/kg in the first hour 2, 1

2. Medication Administration: Continuous infusion of medications like vasopressors (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine) for hemodynamic support 2

3. Nutritional Support: Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) delivered via infusion pumps for patients unable to meet nutritional needs orally 2

4. Renal Replacement Therapy: Continuous renal replacement therapies like CVVH (Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration) and CVVHD (Continuous Venovenous Hemodialysis) 2

Distinguishing from Other Terms

The term "infusion" should not be confused with:

• Installation (option a): Typically refers to placing or fitting something in position for use, not a medical procedure for fluid administration
• Introduction (option b): A general term for bringing something into use or operation; lacks the specific medical context of controlled fluid delivery
• Intrusion (option d): Refers to entering without permission or welcome; not a medical term for fluid administration

Safety Considerations

When performing infusions, healthcare providers must be vigilant about:

• Monitoring for signs of fluid overload (increased work of breathing, rales, hepatomegaly) 2
• Maintaining strict aseptic technique to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections 2
• Regular checking of volume delivered throughout infusion 1
• Using adequate warming devices when appropriate, especially for massive transfusions 1

Conclusion

The medical terminology for the process of pushing liquid into the body over a long period of time is "infusion." This term encompasses the controlled delivery of fluids, medications, or nutrients through various routes using specialized equipment designed to ensure safe and accurate administration.