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Differential Diagnosis for Symmetrical Red Papular Rash with Many Target Lesions

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Erythema Multiforme (EM): This condition is characterized by the presence of target lesions, which are a hallmark of the disease. The symmetrical distribution and the presence of many target lesions make EM a strong candidate for the diagnosis.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS): Although SJS is more severe and often involves mucous membranes, it can present with similar skin lesions. The presence of target lesions and a symmetrical rash could suggest SJS, especially if there are other systemic symptoms.
    • Urticaria: While urticaria typically presents with wheals, some cases can have a more papular appearance. However, the presence of target lesions is less common in urticaria.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN): TEN is a severe condition with a high mortality rate. It can present with a similar rash, including target lesions, and it is crucial to distinguish it from other conditions due to its severity and the need for prompt treatment.
    • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF): This tick-borne illness can present with a rash that includes target lesions. Although less common, RMSF is a critical diagnosis to consider due to its potential severity and the need for specific treatment.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Sweet Syndrome: Also known as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, Sweet Syndrome can present with a papular rash but is less commonly associated with target lesions. It is a rare condition that could be considered in the differential diagnosis.
    • Rowell Syndrome: A rare condition characterized by a lupus-like syndrome with a distinctive rash that includes target lesions. It is an uncommon diagnosis but should be considered in patients with a suggestive clinical presentation.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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