Conjunctivitis (Viral or Bacterial): This is the most common cause of yellow eye discharge in infants. Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious and can be caused by viruses such as adenovirus, while bacterial conjunctivitis is caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus or Haemophilus influenzae. The yellow discharge is due to the presence of pus.

Blocked Tear Duct: A common condition in infants where the tear duct is partially or completely blocked, leading to an accumulation of tears and discharge. The discharge can become yellow or greenish due to secondary infection.
Allergies: Allergic conjunctivitis can cause excessive tearing and discharge, which may appear yellow due to the presence of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells.
Foreign Body: A foreign body in the eye, such as an eyelash or dust, can cause irritation and lead to excessive discharge.

Gonococcal Conjunctivitis: A severe and sight-threatening condition caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which can be transmitted from an infected mother to her newborn during delivery. It requires prompt treatment to prevent complications.
Chlamydial Conjunctivitis: Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, this condition can also be transmitted from an infected mother to her newborn and requires prompt treatment to prevent long-term consequences.
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Conjunctivitis: HSV can cause a severe and potentially sight-threatening infection in newborns, especially if acquired during delivery from an infected mother.

Dacryocystitis: An infection of the lacrimal sac, which can cause yellow or greenish discharge due to the accumulation of pus.
Orbital Cellulitis: A severe infection of the tissues surrounding the eye, which can cause proptosis, redness, and discharge, including yellow eye discharge.
Leukocoria-associated Conditions: Although rare, conditions like retinoblastoma can present with abnormal eye reflections or discharge, but these are less commonly associated with yellow eye discharge specifically.