From the Research
A carbon dioxide (CO2) lab value of 19 mmol/L indicates mild hypocapnia or a slight respiratory alkalosis, which may be caused by hyperventilation, anxiety, or other factors, and should be interpreted in the context of other laboratory values and clinical symptoms 1. This finding could be caused by various factors such as hyperventilation, anxiety, pain, early sepsis, pregnancy, or high altitude exposure, and may also represent a compensatory response to metabolic acidosis.
- The normal reference range for CO2 is typically 22-29 mmol/L, and a value of 19 is slightly below this range.
- According to the most recent study on respiratory acidosis and alkalosis, respiratory alkalosis is defined by an arterial partial pressure of CO2 <35 mm Hg with subsequent alkalization of body fluids 1.
- The study also highlights the importance of understanding the cause and treatment of acid-base disturbances, as they can lead to life-threatening complications.
- If the patient is experiencing symptoms like lightheadedness, numbness in extremities, or chest tightness, controlled breathing exercises may help normalize CO2 levels, as suggested by previous studies on hyperventilation syndrome 2, 3.
- For persistent or significantly low CO2 levels, the underlying cause should be identified and treated, and regular monitoring of electrolytes and blood gases may be necessary to track changes in acid-base status.