Should I undergo blood tests for parotitis (inflammation of the parotid gland)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 4, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

You should consider blood work for parotitis to determine the underlying cause and guide appropriate treatment. Parotitis can be caused by viral or bacterial infections, and blood tests can help identify the specific cause. According to the study by the Association of British Neurologists and British Infection Association 1, viral culture or PCR performed on parotid gland duct swabs or buccal swabs can be useful for diagnosing recent mumps virus infection. However, blood work is also essential in assessing the severity of the infection and ruling out other conditions. Some key blood tests for parotitis may include:

  • A complete blood count (CBC) to check for signs of infection
  • Amylase and lipase levels to assess parotid gland function
  • Specific antibody tests if mumps is suspected
  • Inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) to assess the severity of the infection It's crucial to note that the management of parotitis depends on the underlying cause, and blood work plays a vital role in guiding treatment decisions, as highlighted in the study 1.

From the Research

Diagnosis of Parotitis

To determine if blood work is necessary for parotitis, it's essential to understand the causes and diagnosis of the condition. Parotitis can be caused by various factors, including bacterial, viral, and fungal infections 2, 3.

Blood Work and Laboratory Tests

While blood work may not be directly mentioned as a diagnostic tool in the provided studies, laboratory tests such as pus aspiration and culture can aid in identifying the causative agent of parotitis 2, 3.

Key Points to Consider

  • The parotid gland is the most commonly affected salivary gland by inflammation 2, 3.
  • Bacterial causes of parotitis include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, and anaerobic bacteria 2, 3.
  • Viral causes of parotitis include paramyxovirus (mumps), Epstein-Barr virus, coxsackievirus, and influenza A and parainfluenza viruses 3.
  • Chronic parotitis is a clinical condition characterized by repeated infection and inflammation of the parotid gland, often caused by decreased salivary flow or obstruction 4, 5.
  • Diagnosis of parotitis involves clinical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies such as computerized tomographic scan and sialography 4, 5.

Treatment Options

Treatment of parotitis depends on the underlying cause and may include antimicrobial therapy, surgical drainage, and maintenance of good oral hygiene 2, 3. In cases of chronic parotitis, treatment options range from conservative medical management to surgical interventions 4, 5.

There is no direct evidence to suggest that blood work is a necessary diagnostic tool for parotitis. However, laboratory tests and imaging studies can aid in diagnosing and managing the condition 2, 3, 4, 5.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Acute bacterial suppurative parotitis: microbiology and management.

The Journal of craniofacial surgery, 2003

Research

Diagnosis and management of parotitis.

Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery, 1992

Research

Chronic parotitis: a challenging disease entity.

Ear, nose, & throat journal, 2011

Research

Chronic parotitis: diagnosis and treatment.

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939), 2001

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.