What are the ferritin and TSAT (Transferrin Saturation) cutoffs to stop oral hematinics (iron supplements) in patients with iron deficiency anemia?

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Ferritin and TSAT Cutoffs to Stop Oral Iron Supplementation

Stop oral iron supplementation when ferritin reaches ≥800 ng/mL AND TSAT ≥20%, or when TSAT reaches ≥40% regardless of ferritin level. 1

Evidence-Based Stopping Criteria

The most rigorous stopping criteria come from the 2023 KDIGO Controversies Conference, which analyzed phase 3 clinical trials in CKD patients. The iron stopping protocol used in the ASCEND-ND trial specified discontinuation when ferritin ≥800 ng/mL AND TSAT ≥20%, OR when TSAT ≥40% alone. 1 This dual-threshold approach prevents iron overload while ensuring adequate iron stores.

Primary Stopping Thresholds

  • Ferritin ≥800 ng/mL with TSAT ≥20%: This combination indicates iron repletion with adequate mobilization capacity 1
  • TSAT ≥40% alone: This threshold signals sufficient circulating iron regardless of ferritin, as TSAT >40% indicates iron sufficiency and potential for toxicity 1

Context-Specific Considerations

For cancer-related anemia, the 2014 American Journal of Hematology guidelines suggest stopping iron when ferritin >800 ng/mL or TSAT >50%, defining this range as "iron replete" status. 1 This slightly higher TSAT threshold reflects the functional iron deficiency common in malignancy.

For general iron deficiency anemia without inflammation, recent 2025 evidence suggests that ferritin levels of 30-45 ng/mL may be adequate for symptom resolution in non-inflammatory states. 2, 3 However, these represent starting thresholds for diagnosis, not stopping criteria for supplementation.

Clinical Algorithm for Discontinuation

Step 1: Measure Both Parameters

  • Check ferritin AND TSAT simultaneously—never rely on ferritin alone 4
  • TSAT is the more reliable functional indicator of iron status 4

Step 2: Apply Stopping Criteria

  • Stop immediately if TSAT ≥40% (regardless of ferritin) 1
  • Stop if ferritin ≥800 ng/mL AND TSAT ≥20% 1
  • Continue if ferritin <800 ng/mL and TSAT <40% 1

Step 3: Safety Ceiling

  • Never exceed ferritin >800 ng/mL in routine practice, as this approaches iron overload territory 1
  • The upper safety limit for ferritin in cancer patients is 1200 ng/mL, but this should not be a target 1

Critical Pitfalls to Avoid

Do not use ferritin <100 ng/mL alone as a continuation criterion. While this threshold is used to start iron therapy, it does not inform when to stop. 5, 2 Ferritin can remain low in inflammatory states despite adequate iron stores.

Do not ignore TSAT when making stopping decisions. A 2024 heart failure analysis demonstrated that TSAT <20% is the most reliable indicator of true iron deficiency, while ferritin alone (especially <100 ng/mL) lacks pathophysiological validity for treatment decisions. 4 This principle applies to stopping criteria as well—TSAT ≥40% signals adequate iron regardless of ferritin.

Avoid continuing oral iron in patients with persistent low TSAT despite rising ferritin. This pattern (ferritin >100 ng/mL with TSAT <20%) suggests functional iron deficiency where oral iron is ineffective. 1, 5 These patients require IV iron, not continued oral supplementation.

Monitoring After Discontinuation

  • Recheck iron parameters 3 months after stopping oral iron 5
  • Resume supplementation if ferritin drops below 100 ng/mL or TSAT falls below 20% 5
  • In hemodialysis patients specifically, maintain ferritin >200 ng/mL and TSAT >20% to minimize ESA requirements 5

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Iron Deficiency Anemia: Evaluation and Management.

American family physician, 2025

Guideline

Iron Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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