Can bilateral testicles of 9ml produce a normal testosterone level of 40 nanomoles per liter (nmol/L) in an adult male?

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Can 9ml Bilateral Testicles Produce Normal Testosterone Levels?

Yes, bilateral testicles of 9ml each can produce a testosterone level of 40 nmol/L (approximately 1,153 ng/dL), which is well within the normal physiologic range and actually represents a robust testosterone level for an adult male. 1

Understanding Normal Testosterone Ranges

The normal reference range for total testosterone in adult males is 300-800 ng/dL (10.4-27.7 nmol/L) in most laboratories 1. Your level of 40 nmol/L converts to approximately 1,153 ng/dL, which places you in the upper-normal to high-normal range 2.

  • Harmonized reference ranges from four major cohort studies show that healthy nonobese men aged 19-39 years have testosterone levels ranging from 264-916 ng/dL (2.5th to 97.5th percentile) 2
  • Your level of 40 nmol/L exceeds even the 97.5th percentile for healthy young men 2
  • The American Urological Association defines testosterone below 300 ng/dL as the threshold supporting a diagnosis of low testosterone 3

Testicular Volume and Testosterone Production

While testicular volume can provide some indication of testicular function, 9ml bilateral testicles (18ml total) fall within the lower end of normal adult testicular volume, and your testosterone level demonstrates that these testicles are functioning robustly 4.

  • Normal adult testicular volume ranges from approximately 15-25ml total 4
  • Testosterone production capacity depends more on Leydig cell function than absolute testicular size 5
  • Your testosterone level of 40 nmol/L clearly demonstrates adequate Leydig cell function regardless of testicular volume 1

Clinical Interpretation

You do not have hypogonadism or testosterone deficiency. In fact, your testosterone level is excellent 3, 1.

  • Testosterone levels below 8 nmol/L highly support a diagnosis of hypogonadism, while levels greater than 12 nmol/L are considered normal 5
  • Your level of 40 nmol/L is more than three times the upper threshold for normal 5
  • The "grey zone" requiring further evaluation is between 8-12 nmol/L, which does not apply to your situation 5

Important Considerations

If you were concerned about fertility or testicular function due to the 9ml testicular size, your robust testosterone production suggests normal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function 4.

  • Morning testosterone measurements are most accurate, as levels naturally fluctuate throughout the day with peak levels in the morning 1
  • If this measurement was not taken in the morning (8-10 AM), a confirmatory morning measurement would provide the most accurate assessment 3, 1
  • Testosterone deficiency requires both low testosterone levels (typically <300 ng/dL or <10.4 nmol/L) AND specific symptoms such as diminished libido, erectile dysfunction, or decreased energy 3, 5

Your testosterone level of 40 nmol/L is entirely normal and indicates that your testicles, despite being 9ml each, are producing testosterone at a level that exceeds what most healthy adult males achieve.

References

Guideline

Testosterone Levels and Measurements in Adult Males

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Target Testosterone Level in Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT)

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Guideline

Testosterone Injection Treatment for Male Hypogonadism

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2026

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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