From the Research
A person with dermatomyositis typically experiences a flare within 24-72 hours after UV exposure, though this timing can vary between individuals. Some patients may notice symptoms appearing as quickly as a few hours after sun exposure, while others might develop a delayed reaction up to a week later. The severity and timing of the flare depend on individual sensitivity, the intensity and duration of UV exposure, and how well-controlled the underlying disease is. UV light triggers an immune response in photosensitive dermatomyositis patients, causing inflammation in the skin and muscles. To prevent these flares, patients should use broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 50+) applied 30 minutes before going outdoors and reapplied every 2 hours, wear sun-protective clothing including long sleeves and wide-brimmed hats, avoid peak sun hours (10 AM to 4 PM), and consider UV-blocking window films for cars and homes. Patients should also maintain their prescribed medications for dermatomyositis, as proper disease control can reduce photosensitivity reactions.
According to the most recent study 1, refractory cutaneous dermatomyositis with severe scalp pruritus can be responsive to apremilast, which may be considered as an additional treatment option for patients with severe photosensitivity reactions. However, the primary approach to managing UV exposure-induced flares in dermatomyositis patients remains focused on preventive measures and maintaining optimal disease control through established therapies, as discussed in earlier studies 2, 3, 4, 5.
Key considerations for managing dermatomyositis include:
- Preventing UV exposure through protective measures
- Maintaining prescribed medications to control the underlying disease
- Considering additional therapies for refractory cases, as supported by the most recent evidence 1
- Regular monitoring for potential internal associations and malignancy, as highlighted in earlier reviews 5