From the Research
The prevalence of ADHD in New Zealand is estimated to be around 7% of those aged up to 12 years, 5% of teenagers, and 3% of adults, according to the most recent study 1. This estimate is based on the study published in the Journal of primary health care in 2024, which provides the most up-to-date information on the prevalence of ADHD in New Zealand. The study highlights that ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting a significant proportion of the population, with associated negative outcomes such as poor academic performance, substance abuse, and poor social functioning. Some key points to consider include:
- The prevalence of ADHD in children and adolescents is estimated to be around 7% and 5%, respectively 1.
- Adults are also affected, with a prevalence of around 3% 1.
- The condition is often underdiagnosed, particularly in adults and females, which may lead to underestimation of the actual prevalence 2.
- Māori and Pacific populations may experience higher rates of ADHD, but also face greater barriers to diagnosis and treatment [@Example@].
- Treatment options in New Zealand include stimulant medications like methylphenidate and dexamphetamine, non-stimulant medications such as atomoxetine, and behavioral therapies [@Example@]. It is essential to prioritize early diagnosis and treatment to improve long-term outcomes for individuals with ADHD, as highlighted in the study published in the Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology in 2019 3. Additionally, a recent umbrella review of meta-analyses published in the Journal of affective disorders in 2023 found that the global prevalence of ADHD in children and adolescents is around 8.0% (95%CI 6.0-10%) 4, which is consistent with the estimates from the New Zealand study. However, it is crucial to consider the most recent and highest-quality study, which in this case is the one published in 2024 1, to inform our understanding of the prevalence of ADHD in New Zealand.