What is Type 1 (Type 1) diabetes mellitus?

From the Guidelines

Type 0 diabetes is not a recognized medical condition in the standard classification of diabetes, and individuals concerned about diabetes risk or symptoms should consult a healthcare provider for proper screening and diagnosis. The established types of diabetes include Type 1, an autoimmune condition where the body attacks insulin-producing cells, Type 2, characterized by insulin resistance, gestational diabetes, and several less common forms like MODY and LADA 1. The term "Type 0 diabetes" is sometimes informally used to describe prediabetes or insulin resistance before full diabetes develops, but this is not an official medical term.

Key Points to Consider

• The standard classification of diabetes does not include "Type 0 diabetes" 1.
• Proper screening for diabetes risk includes fasting blood glucose tests, HbA1c measurements, and possibly oral glucose tolerance tests 1.
• Early intervention for prediabetes through lifestyle modifications can significantly reduce the risk of developing full diabetes.
• The presence of two or more islet autoantibodies is an almost certain predictor of clinical hyperglycemia and diabetes in type 1 diabetes, with the rate of progression dependent on age, number of autoantibodies, autoantibody specificity, and autoantibody titer 1.

Recommendations for Practice

• Consult with a healthcare provider for proper screening and diagnosis if concerned about diabetes risk or symptoms.
• Utilize fasting blood glucose tests, HbA1c measurements, and oral glucose tolerance tests for screening and diagnosis.
• Implement lifestyle modifications for prediabetes, including diet changes, increased physical activity, and weight management, to reduce the risk of developing full diabetes 1.

From the FDA Drug Label

The reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was similar to regular human insulin. Type 1 Diabetes - Adults Type 1 Diabetes – Adult (insulin aspart plus NPH insulin vs. regular human insulin plus NPH insulin) The efficacy of insulin aspart to improve glycemic control in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus is based on an adequate and well-controlled trial of regular human insulin in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus Type 1 Diabetes – Pediatric

There is no information about Type 0 diabetes in the provided drug label. The FDA drug label does not answer the question.

From the Research

Type 0 Diabetes

There is no direct information available on Type 0 diabetes in the provided studies.

Related Research on Diabetes

• The studies provided focus on Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, as well as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
• Research suggests that oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) can be useful in detecting diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, particularly in high-risk groups 2, 5.
• OGTTs have been compared to other methods of diabetes screening, such as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) 3, 6.
• The studies highlight the importance of considering insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in the diagnosis and management of diabetes 4, 6.

Key Findings

• The WHO two-step strategy for diabetes screening may fail to detect a significant proportion of diabetic patients and those with impaired glucose tolerance 2.
• OGTT measures, such as index60 and C-peptide index, have been found to correlate with first-phase insulin response and may be useful in predicting Type 1 diabetes 3.
• Insulin release and insulin sensitivity can be evaluated through OGTT in subjects with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance 4.
• The prevalence of hyperglycemia on OGTT is highly dependent on age, sex, and risk factor burden, and OGTT should be applied selectively to high-risk groups 5.
• Surrogate indices based on OGTT and fasting measurements have been validated against gold standard measures of insulin secretion 6.