From the Guidelines
The patient's left ventricle is normal with no evidence of abnormalities, and no specific cardiac interventions are needed based on these echocardiographic findings. The left ventricular size is normal with a diastolic internal dimension (LVIDd) of 5.3 cm, which is within the normal range 1. There is no left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), as evidenced by normal interventricular septal thickness (IVSd) of 0.6 cm and posterior wall thickness (LVPWd) of 0.7 cm. Systolic function is normal with an ejection fraction of 54% by Simpson's method and visually estimated at 55-60%, which meets the normal criteria of >54% for males, as stated in the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging guidelines 1. The left ventricular mass index is 61 g/m², which is within normal limits. Regional systolic function is normal without wall motion abnormalities. Diastolic function is also normal, with an E/A ratio of 1.2 and deceleration time of 209 ms. Tissue Doppler measurements show normal myocardial velocities with E/E' ratios (medial 9.2, lateral 6.5) that are within normal range, indicating normal left ventricular filling pressures.
Some key points to note from the echocardiogram results include:
- Normal left ventricular size and wall thickness
- Normal systolic function with an ejection fraction of 54%
- Normal diastolic function with an E/A ratio of 1.2 and deceleration time of 209 ms
- Normal tissue Doppler measurements with E/E' ratios within normal range
- No evidence of heart failure, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or other significant cardiac pathology
Overall, the patient's echocardiogram results are normal, and no specific cardiac interventions are needed based on these findings 1.
From the Research
Left Ventricle Chamber Size and Function
- The left ventricle chamber size is reported as normal with an LVIDd of 5.3 cm 2.
- The left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is also reported as normal with an IVSd of 0.6 cm and LVPWd of 0.7 cm.
- The systolic function is reported as normal with a global ejection fraction (EF) of 55-60% and a mass index of 61 g/m².
Systolic and Diastolic Function
- The systolic function is further evaluated using the EF - Simpsons method, which reports an EF of 54% 3.
- The diastolic function is reported as normal with an E/A ratio of 1.2 and a DT of 209 ms.
- The E septal and E lateral values are 13.2 cm/s and 18.8 cm/s, respectively, and the E/E medial and E/E lateral values are 9.2 and 6.5, respectively.
Comparison with Normal Values
- A study published in 2022 provides normal values for left ventricular size and function on three-dimensional echocardiography, which can be used for comparison 4.
- The study reports mean normal values for indexed end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, and LVEF in men and women, which can be used to evaluate the reported values.
- Another study published in 2023 reports on the echocardiographic characteristics and clinical outcomes of the hyperdynamic heart, which may be relevant for comparison 5.
Clinical Outcomes
- A study published in 2020 reports on the left ventricular size and outcomes in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction less than 20, which may be relevant for evaluating the clinical outcomes of patients with similar conditions 6.
- The study reports that LVEF is more important than LV size in predicting outcomes after cardiac surgery, but LV size can have an interactive effect with LVEF in patients undergoing isolated CABG.