From the Guidelines
It is generally not advisable to drain fluid from a small blister, but if necessary, it should be done using a sterile needle to lance the blister at its lowest point and facilitate fluid drainage. When considering the management of small blisters, it's essential to prioritize preventing infection and promoting healing. The fluid inside the blister contains nutrients and growth factors that help heal the damaged skin underneath 1. If a blister is painful or in a location where it's likely to rupture on its own, draining it may be considered. To do this safely, first clean the area with alcohol or antiseptic, then gently puncture the edge of the blister with a sterile needle and press the fluid out 1. After draining, apply an antibiotic ointment and cover with a sterile bandage. Leave the blister roof intact as it will continue to protect the healing skin. Watch for signs of infection such as increasing pain, redness, warmth, or pus, which would require medical attention. Some key points to consider when managing blisters include:
- Gently cleansing the blister with an antimicrobial solution 1
- Piercing the blister at the base with a sterile needle to facilitate drainage 1
- Applying a nonadherent dressing after drainage 1
- Monitoring for signs of infection and seeking medical attention if necessary 1
From the Research
Draining Fluid from Small Blisters
- The decision to drain fluid from a small blister depends on various factors, including the cause and location of the blister, as well as the presence of any symptoms such as pressure pain or signs of infection 2.
- For uncomplicated blisters without pressure pain, it is recommended to leave them in place 2.
- However, for pressure painful blisters, especially those located on the palms or soles, puncturing the blister and leaving the roof in place may be the best approach 2, 3, 4.
- In cases where the blister has ruptured, the approach may vary depending on the presence of clinical signs of infection 2.
- For blisters caused by burns, the recommended approach is to remove the blister roof, especially for second-degree burns or higher 5, 2.
- It is essential to note that the fluid in the blister is ultrafiltrate of the plasma, which is rich in proteins and can be pro-inflammatory 5.
- Draining the blister fluid can be beneficial in some cases, but it is crucial to do so in a sterile manner to prevent infection 5, 3, 4.
- In some cases, aspirating the blister fluid and spraying it over other areas of the same wound may be a feasible adjuvant therapy 5.
- The use of proper wound dressings and care can help prevent infection and promote healing 2, 3, 4.
- In the case of epidermolysis bullosa, a genetic disorder characterized by skin fragility, draining blisters as soon as possible can help prevent their expansion, and using a simple model can be an effective way to teach patients and families how to drain blisters safely and painlessly 6.