Differential Diagnosis for Scrotal Lesions
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Folliculitis or Furuncles: The presence of multiple indistinct hypoechoic foci abutting the skin of the scrotum with increased vascularity suggests an infectious or inflammatory process. Folliculitis or furuncles are common conditions that could present with these ultrasound findings, especially given the location and characteristics of the lesions.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Epidermoid Cysts: These are benign cysts that can occur on the scrotum and may appear as hypoechoic lesions on ultrasound. They can sometimes become inflamed, which might explain the increased vascularity.
- Sebaceous Cysts: Similar to epidermoid cysts, sebaceous cysts are benign and can appear as hypoechoic lesions. Inflammation of these cysts could lead to increased vascularity.
- Abscesses: Given the increased vascularity and the hypoechoic nature of the lesions, abscesses are a possible diagnosis, especially if there's a history of infection or trauma to the area.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Testicular Cancer with Skin Involvement: Although less likely, testicular cancer that has spread to involve the skin of the scrotum is a critical diagnosis not to miss. The presence of multiple lesions with increased vascularity could potentially be metastatic disease, making this a crucial differential diagnosis.
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma or Other Skin Cancers: Skin cancers can present as hypoechoic lesions with increased vascularity, especially if they are ulcerated or inflamed. Given the potential for aggressive behavior and metastasis, these diagnoses should not be overlooked.
Rare Diagnoses
- Scrotal Metastases from Distant Primary Tumors: Metastases to the scrotum from other primary cancers are rare but can occur. These might present as hypoechoic lesions with increased vascularity.
- Scrotal Lymphoma: Lymphoma involving the scrotum is exceedingly rare but could potentially present with multiple hypoechoic lesions and increased vascularity due to the disease's nature and potential for systemic involvement.