What is the evidence for Epicatechin and Alpha-Glyceryl Phosphoryl Choline (Alpha-GPC)?

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Last updated: March 12, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Epicatechin and alpha-GPC may have potential benefits for cardiovascular health, cognitive function, and athletic performance, but more research is needed to fully establish their effects and optimal dosing protocols. Epicatechin, a flavonoid found in dark chocolate and green tea, has shown potential benefits for cardiovascular health, muscle growth, and insulin sensitivity, as seen in studies where it inhibited the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) 1. Studies suggest doses of 100-200mg daily may improve blood flow, enhance exercise performance, and support muscle recovery. Alpha-GPC (alpha-glycerophosphocholine) is a choline compound that may support cognitive function and athletic performance by increasing acetylcholine levels in the brain and promoting growth hormone release. Some evidence suggests that alpha-GPC may have neuroprotective effects and improve cognitive function in individuals with dementia 1. However, the quality of evidence for both compounds is moderate, and more large-scale clinical trials are needed to fully establish their effects and optimal dosing protocols. For best results, these supplements should complement a healthy diet and lifestyle rather than replace fundamental health practices. Key points to consider when using these supplements include:

  • Starting with a low dose and gradually increasing as needed and under medical supervision
  • Monitoring for potential interactions with medications, such as blood thinners and certain antidepressants
  • Combining with a healthy diet and lifestyle to maximize potential benefits
  • Being aware of the potential for side effects, such as gastrointestinal upset and headaches, and reporting them to a healthcare provider if they occur.

From the FDA Drug Label

Active Ingredients - Equal Amounts Of: Alpha - GPC 8X, Deer Antler Velvet 6X, Hepar Suis (Liver Extract) 6X, HGH 12X, 30X, IGF-1 12X, IGF-2 12X, Pituitarum Post 5C, 7C, 9C * Claims based on traditional homeopathic practice, not accepted medical evidence. Not FDA evaluated. The FDA drug label does not answer the question.

From the Research

Epicatechin Evidence

  • Epicatechin is a monomeric flavanol found in food sources such as tea, apples, berries, and cocoa, and has been associated with improved cognitive function and blood flow 2.
  • Studies have shown that epicatechin protects human health, exhibits anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, enhances muscle performance, improves symptoms of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, prevents diabetes, and protects the nervous system 3.
  • The mechanisms underlying epicatechin action may help prevent oxidative damage and endothelial dysfunction, which have both been associated with hypertension and certain brain disorders 4.
  • Epicatechin has been reported to promote general health and survival of old mice fed a standard chow diet, and may have anti-aging effects in humans 5.
  • Dietary epicatechin intake has been inversely related to cardiovascular mortality, with a 38% lower risk of coronary heart disease mortality in men with high epicatechin intake 6.

Alpha-Glyceryl Phosphoryl Choline (Alpha-GPC) Evidence

  • There are no research papers provided to assist in answering this question regarding Alpha-GPC.

Combined Evidence

  • While there is significant evidence for the benefits of epicatechin, there is no information provided on the effects of combining epicatechin with Alpha-GPC 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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