What is the age cut off for giant cell arteritis (GCA)?

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Last updated: February 15, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) typically affects individuals over the age of 50 years.

Key Points

  • The incidence of GCA increases with age, with most cases occurring in individuals over 50 years old 1.
  • Women are more commonly affected than men, with a ratio of approximately 3:2 1.
  • The clinical presentation of GCA is varied, but common symptoms include headache, scalp tenderness, and jaw claudication 1.
  • Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical, imaging, and pathologic findings, including biopsy of the temporal artery and elevated inflammatory markers such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) 1.
  • Treatment typically involves high-dose corticosteroids, such as prednisone 40-60 mg daily, with the goal of reducing inflammation and preventing complications such as vision loss 1.
  • The age cutoff for GCA is generally considered to be 50 years, as the incidence of the disease increases significantly after this age 1.

From the Research

Age Cut Off for Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA)

  • The age cut off for giant cell arteritis (GCA) is generally considered to be 50 years of age, as it primarily affects individuals over this age 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • GCA is extremely rare in patients less than 50 years of age 2.
  • However, there have been reported cases of GCA in younger patients, including a 31-year-old and a 40-year-old 2.
  • The disease peaks in incidence in the seventh decade of life 4.
  • It is essential to suspect GCA in patients over the age of 50 years with vision changes, new headache, temporal artery abnormalities, or jaw claudication, especially in the setting of systemic symptoms 3.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Temporal arteritis in the young.

Joint bone spine, 2013

Research

High risk and low prevalence diseases: Giant cell arteritis.

The American journal of emergency medicine, 2022

Research

The diagnosis and management of temporal arteritis.

Clinical & experimental optometry, 2020

Research

Giant cell arteritis.

Current opinion in rheumatology, 2002

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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