What are the effects of paternal absence on a child's development?

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Last updated: April 28, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Children without a father figure are at a higher risk of exhibiting behavioral problems, academic difficulties, emotional distress, and challenges with social relationships, as evidenced by the substantial impact of fathers on child development and wellbeing 1. The absence of a father figure can lead to various challenges, including:

  • Increased risk of behavioral problems, such as aggression and anxiety
  • Academic difficulties, including lower grades and decreased educational attainment
  • Emotional distress, including depression and low self-esteem
  • Challenges with social relationships, including difficulty forming healthy relationships with peers and adults However, it's essential to note that many children without father figures develop perfectly well, especially when they have other positive adult role models and support systems, as the quality of remaining parental and adult relationships, socioeconomic factors, and community support significantly influence outcomes 1. Some children may struggle with specific issues, such as:
  • Girls may have challenges forming healthy relationships with men later in life
  • Boys may lack male role models for developing their identity But, with the right support and guidance, children without father figures can thrive, and single parents, extended family members, teachers, coaches, or mentors can provide the necessary stability and support for healthy development, as highlighted in the study on engaging fathers in parenting interventions 1.

From the Research

Effects of Lack of Father Figure on a Child

  • There are no research papers provided to directly answer the question of what a child with no father figure exhibits.
  • The studies provided focus on the treatment of depression, anxiety, and other mental health disorders using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and other medications 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • These studies do not address the specific topic of the effects of a lack of father figure on a child's behavior, emotional well-being, or development.
  • Therefore, it is not possible to provide a detailed answer to the question based on the available evidence.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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