Differential Diagnosis for Intense Itching of the Skin
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema): This is a common skin condition characterized by intense itching, dry skin, and inflammation. It is often associated with allergies and asthma, and its prevalence makes it a likely cause of intense itching.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Psoriasis: An autoimmune condition that speeds up the life cycle of skin cells, causing cells to build up rapidly on the surface of the skin. The extra skin cells form scales and red patches that itch and burn.
- Urticaria (Hives): Characterized by itchy, raised welts on the skin that can be acute or chronic. Allergic reactions, infections, and autoimmune disorders can cause urticaria.
- Dry Skin (Xerosis): Especially common in older adults, dry skin can cause intense itching due to the lack of moisture in the skin.
- Allergic Contact Dermatitis: A skin reaction that occurs after contact with an allergen, leading to itching, redness, and blistering.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Hodgkin Lymphoma: A type of cancer that can cause intense itching without any visible skin lesions. Itching can be the first symptom in some cases.
- Liver Disease: Certain liver conditions, such as primary biliary cirrhosis, can cause intense itching due to the buildup of bile salts in the skin.
- Thyroid Disorders: Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can cause itching, although the exact mechanism is not fully understood.
- Rare diagnoses
- Polycythemia Vera: A rare blood disorder that can cause itching, especially after warm baths or showers, due to the release of histamine from basophils.
- Neurological Disorders: Certain conditions like multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathy, and nerve compression can cause itching sensations without any visible skin changes.
- Parasitic Infestations: Such as scabies and lice, which can cause intense itching due to the burrowing of parasites into the skin.