From the Research
The medical term for the left big toe is "hallux sinister." The word "hallux" specifically refers to the big toe or great toe on either foot, while "sinister" is the Latin term meaning "left" 1. Medical terminology often uses Latin directional terms to specify body parts, with "sinister" designating left-sided structures and "dexter" indicating right-sided ones. Therefore, the right big toe would be called "hallux dexter." This naming convention is part of the standardized anatomical terminology used by healthcare professionals worldwide to ensure precise communication about specific body parts during examinations, medical documentation, and surgical procedures. The hallux is particularly important in human biomechanics as it bears significant weight during walking and helps maintain balance, which is why it has its own distinct anatomical term rather than simply being called the "first toe." Some studies have explored the relationship between clinical presentation in hallux valgus and response to treatment, but the specific terminology for the left big toe remains consistent as "hallux sinister" 2, 3, 4, 5. It's worth noting that while various studies discuss conditions affecting the hallux, such as hallux valgus and hallux rigidus, the basic anatomical terminology remains a foundation for understanding and communicating about these conditions 2, 3, 4, 5. However, the most recent and relevant study to the question of terminology would be the one that directly addresses anatomical terms, but since the question is about a basic anatomical term, the most straightforward answer is that the left big toe is referred to as "hallux sinister".